...More to come
Replacement
Skills
Replacement skills are prosocial behaviors that take the place of problem behaviors.
Avoid: Instead:
Telling students what NOT Teach students acceptable
to do or telling students to replacement behaviors with explicit
"Stop..." directions of what TO do instead:
Instead of saying this: Say something like this:
"Do not tattle" "Report peer behavior appropriately"
"Do not name-call" "Use the person's name"
"Stop tapping your pencil" "Use your pencil to write"
"Stop running" "Slow down and walk"
"Stop yelling" "Use an inside voice"
.
Explicitly Teach
ProSocial Skills
Knafo, Weiner, and Dubrovsy (2009) describe prosocial behaviors as follows:
Prosocial behaviors are voluntary behaviors made with the intention of benefiting others (Eisenberg & Fabes, 1998). This definition carefully circumvents the potential benefits to the person performing the prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior is often accompanied with psychological and social rewards for its performer. In the long run, individuals can benefit from living in a society where prosociality is common (which, in evolutionary terms, increases reproductive potential). It has therefore been difficult for researchers to identify purely altruistic behaviors, benefiting only the recipient and not the performer. Nevertheless, behaviors benefiting others, but whose main goal is self-advantageous (e.g. cooperative behaviors intended to obtain a common resource), typically are not considered prosocial. Typical examples include: volunteering; sharing toys, treats, or food with friends; instrumental help (e.g., helping a peer with school assignments); costly help (e.g. risking one's own life to save others); and emotionally supporting others in distress (e.g., comforting a peer following a disappointing experience or caring for a person who is ill).
Social
Skills
Social skills can be taught explicitly so that students understand exactly what is expected.
Examples:
How to follow directions
How to get the teacher's attention
How to ignore distractions
How to accept feedback
How to accept "no" for an answer
How to wait your turn
How to report peer behavior
How to
Prevention Strategies
De-Escalation Strategies
Strategies for Prevention & De-Escalation of
Behavioral / Emotional Crisis Responses